Peer-Reviewed Papers
Foundations
Zhang, T., Goldstein, A., Levin M. (2024), Classical sorting algorithms as a model of morphogenesis: Self-sorting arrays reveal unexpected competencies in a minimal model of basal intelligence, Adaptive Behavior 2024, doi: 10.1177/10597123241269740
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Levin, M.(2024), Self-Improvising Memory: A Perspective on Memories as Agential, Dynamically Reinterpreting Cognitive Glue, Entropy 2024, 26(6), 481; doi:10.3390/e26060481
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McMillen, P., Levin, M. (2024), Collective intelligence: A unifying concept for integrating biology across scales and substrates, Communications Biology 7, 378 (2024). doi:10.1038/s42003-024-06037-4
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Fields, C., and Levin, M. (2024), Snakes and ladders in the evolution of language, Physics of Life Reviews, 2024 doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2024.04.007
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Fields, C., Glazebrook, J. F., and Levin, M. (2024), Principled Limitations on Self-Representation for Generic Physical Systems, Entropy, 26(3): 194
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Rouleau, N., and Levin, M. (2023), The Multiple Realizability of Sentience in Living Systems and Beyond, eNeuro, 10(11), doi:10.1523/eneuro.0375-23.2023
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Levin, M. (2023), Collective Intelligence of Morphogenesis as a Teleonomic Process, in Corning, P. A., Kauffman, S. A., Noble, D., Shapiro, J. A., Vane-Wright, R. I. Pross, A. (Eds.), Evolution "On Purpose": Teleonomy in Living Systems, The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, 175-197
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Clawson, W. P., and Levin, M. (2023), Endless forms most beautiful 2.0: teleonomy and the bioengineering of chimaeric and synthetic organisms, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 139(4): 457-486
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Lagasse, E., and Levin, M. (2023), Future Medicine: from molecular pathways to the collective intelligence of the body, Trends in Molecular Medicine, 29(9): 687-710
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Witkowski, O., Doctor, T., Solomonova, E., Duane, B., and Levin, M. (2023), Towards an Ethics of Autopoietic Technology: Stress, Care, and Intelligence, Biosystems, 231: 104964
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Fields, C., and Levin, M. (2023), Regulative development as a model for origin of life and artificial life studies, Biosystems, 229: 104927
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Levin, M. (2023), Bioelectric networks: the cognitive glue enabling evolutionary scaling from physiology to mind, Animal Cognition, doi:10.1007/s10071-023-01780-3
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Mathews, J., Chang, J., Devlin, L., and Levin, M. (2023), Cellular Signaling Pathways as Plastic, Proto-cognitive Systems: Implications for Biomedicine, Patterns, 4: 100737
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Pio-Lopez, L., Kuchling, F., Tung, A., Pezzulo, G., and Levin, M. (2022), Active Inference, Morphogenesis, and Computational Psychiatry, Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, 16: 988977
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McMillen, P., and Levin, M. (2022), Information Theory as an experimental tool for integrating disparate biophysical signaling modules, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(17): 9580
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Levin, M. (2022), Generalizing frameworks for sentience beyond natural species, Animal Sentience, 7(32): 15
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Doctor, T., Witkowski, O., Solomonova, E., Duane, B., and Levin, M. (2022), Biology, Buddhism, and AI: Care as the Driver of Intelligence, Entropy, 24(5): e24050710
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Fields, C., and Levin, M. (2022), Competency in Navigating Arbitrary Spaces as an Invariant for Analyzing Cognition in Diverse Embodiments, Entropy, 24(6): 819
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Fields, C., Glazebrook, J. F., and Levin, M. (2022), Neurons as hierarchies of quantum reference frames, Biosystems, 219: 104714
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Fields, C., Friston, K., Glazebrook, J. F., and Levin, M. (2022), A free energy principle for generic quantum systems, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 173: 36-59
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Kuchling, F., Fields, C., and Levin, M. (2022) Metacognition as a Consequence of Competing Evolutionary Time Scales, Entropy, 24(5): 601
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Watson, R. A., Levin, M., and Buckley, C. L. (2022) Design for an Individual: Connectionist approaches to the evolutionary transitions in individuality, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10: 823588
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Levin, M. (2022), Technological Approach to Mind Everywhere: an experimentally-grounded framework for understanding diverse bodies and minds, Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 16: 768201
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Fields, C., Glazebrook, J. F., and Levin, M. (2021), Minimal physicalism as a scale-free substrate for cognition and consciousness, Neuroscience of Consciousness, 2021(2): niab013
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Levin, M. (2021), Life, death, and self: Fundamental questions of primitive cognition viewed through the lens of body plasticity and synthetic organisms, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 564: 114-133
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Bongard, J., and Levin, M. (2021), Living things are not (20th Century) machines: updating mechanism metaphors in light of the modern science of machine behavior, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9: 650726
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Fields, C., and Levin, M. (2020), How Do Living Systems Create Meaning?, Philosophies, 5(4): 36
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Levin, M., and Dennett, Daniel C. (2020), How to understand cells, tissues and organisms as agents with agendas, Aeon Essays
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Kuchling, F., Friston, K., Georgiev, G., and Levin, M. (2020), Integrating Variational Approaches to Pattern Formation into a Deeper Physics: Reply to comments on "Morphogenesis as Bayesian Inference: A Variational Approach to Pattern Formation and Manipulation in Complex Biological Systems", Physics of Life Reviews, 33: 125-128
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Hoel, E., and Levin, M. (2020), Emergence of Informative Higher Scales in Biological Systems: a computational toolkit for optimal prediction and control, Communicative & Integrative Biology, 13(1): 108-118
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Levin, M., Bongard, J., and Lunshof, J. E. (2020), Applications and ethics of computer-designed organisms, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 21(11): 655-656
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Fields, C., and Levin, M. (2020), Scale-Free Biology: Integrating Evolutionary and Developmental Thinking, BioEssays, 42(8): 1900228
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Levin, M. (2019), The Computational Boundary of a 'Self': Developmental Bioelectricity
Drives Multicellularity and Scale-Free Cognition, Frontiers in Psychology, 10: 2688
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Kuchling, F., Friston, K., Georgiev, G., and Levin, M. (2019), Morphogenesis as Bayesian Inference: a Variational Approach to Pattern Formation and Control in Complex Biological Systems, Physics of Life Reviews, 33: 88-108
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Bizzari, M., Brash, D., Briscoe, J., Grieneisen, V., Stern, C. D., and Levin, M. (2019), A Call for a Better Understanding of Causation in Cell Biology, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 20(5): 261-262
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Moore, D. G., Valentini, G., Walker, S. I., and Levin, M. (2018), Inform: Efficient Information-Theoretic Analysis of Collective Behaviors, Frontiers in Robotics and AI,
5: 60
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Pezzulo, G., and Levin, M. (2018), Embodying Markov blankets. Comment on 'Answering Schrödinger's question: A free-energy formulation' by Maxwell James Désormeau Ramstead et al., Physics of Life Reviews, 24: 32-36
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Baluška, F., and Levin, M. (2016), On Having No Head: Cognition throughout Biological Systems, Frontiers in Psychology, 7: 902
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Pezzulo, G., and Levin, M. (2016), Top-down models in biology: explanation and control of complex living systems above the molecular level, Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 13(124): 20160555
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Pezzulo, G., and Levin, M. (2015), Re-membering the body: applications of computational
neuroscience to the top-down control of regeneration of limbs and other complex organs,
Integrative Biology, 7(12): 1487-1517
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